{"id":2751,"date":"2016-07-05T08:44:50","date_gmt":"2016-07-05T08:44:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.apogeephoto.com\/?p=2751"},"modified":"2016-12-01T15:51:49","modified_gmt":"2016-12-01T15:51:49","slug":"first-class-photography-lesson-10-taking-the-mystery-out-of-photographic-terms-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.apogeephoto.com\/first-class-photography-lesson-10-taking-the-mystery-out-of-photographic-terms-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Taking the Mystery Out of Photographic Terms (Part 2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

This is part two of my article on helping to take the mystery out of \u00a0photographic terms.\u00a0<\/strong>In the last article, we discussed \u201caperture\u201d<\/em><\/strong> and \u201cdepth of field<\/em><\/strong>.\u201d \u00a0Click here<\/a> if you missed Part 1<\/p>\n

Remember that when you squint your eyes, you allow in less light. The same is true when you adjust the aperture.\u00a0You allow in more or less light by adjusting the hole where the light interacts with the film.<\/p>\n

You\u2019ve probably noticed that when you go into a darkened room, it takes a while for enough light to enter your eyes to allow you to see.<\/p>\n

However, after you\u2019re in the gloom for a period of time<\/em>,<\/strong> you begin seeing things that you couldn\u2019t define at first. So it is with your camera. It takes a certain amount of time for the light to register in your camera depending on a couple of factors. How much light is coming in (the size of the aperture opening), and what is the ISO <\/strong> (speed) of the film.<\/p>\n

\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Shutter Speed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

shutter speed is another factor that you\u2019ll find very important in your photography…it’s one of those photographic terms you will hear a lot.<\/p>\n

Again, it\u2019s used to vary the amount of light impacting your film within a specific time. If you blink your eyes very fast, you won\u2019t let in as much light as when you open and close your eyelids slowly. The same principle applies to the shutter.<\/p>\n

Shutter speed<\/em><\/strong> is simply a measure of how long the shutter stays open when you take your picture. Automatic cameras can handle this adjustment for you, but there are cases in which you\u2019ll wish to use the shutter priority<\/em><\/strong> function of your automatic camera.<\/p>\n

With automatic cameras, check your manual to see how to set your priority settings. In low light situations, longer shutter speeds will allow more light in, but you need to watch for camera movement that can blur your photo.<\/p>\n

Again, a tripod is a necessary item. When you\u2019re shooting fast action–such as air shows or car races\u2014you\u2019ll need to use a faster shutter. You must be sure that you have the aperture open enough to allow sufficient light to reach your film. Your meter will help. Always check your light meter before snapping a picture.<\/p>\n

Occasionally, you may wish to use a slow shutter speed<\/em><\/strong> on a fast object. Why? To express an illusion of speed.<\/p>\n

To create this effect, pan<\/em><\/strong> with the subject. In other words, you move the camera with<\/em> the subject as it crosses the field of view of your camera, and you snap the shot as you move the camera with<\/em> the subject. If the technique is done well, the subject will be in focus.<\/p>\n

The movement of your camera will simply blur the back and foregrounds.<\/p>\n

\"lens\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0Photographic Terms – Focal length<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The last term we\u2019ll address is focal length<\/em><\/strong>. In this section, we\u2019ll also discuss telephoto, wide-angle, and zoom lenses\u2014plus a standard lens that\u2019s useful but seldom mentioned.<\/p>\n

The term focal length<\/em><\/strong> can be misleading due to the complex lenses available. For example, a 500 mm lens may not be exactly 500 mm long. In addition, a common piece of equipment is the mirror lens that bounces light from one polished surface to another giving the effect of 500 mm in a much shorter barrel.<\/p>\n

(Otherwise, we\u2019d have to have a rolling tripod to carry monster lenses.)<\/p>\n

What you do need to know is that there\u2019s a relationship between focal length<\/strong> and field of view<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The shorter the focal length<\/strong>, the wider the field of view<\/em>. Wide-angle lenses are typically between 20mm and 35mm. Fisheye lenses are even wider at 18mm and are so named because they encompass nearly 360 degrees. (These lenses are very specialized and seldom used compared to the other lenses.)<\/p>\n

The standard lens that usually comes with the camera is around 50mm. A lens that falls between 70mm to 300mm is a telephoto lens. Any lens above that is a super-telephoto lens. A very good lens to use for wildlife photography is the 400mm lens.<\/p>\n

\"focal-length\"<\/a>
From Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Zoom lenses<\/strong> can be moved from wider angles to telephoto angles. Some of the newer ones go from 28mm to 300mm. These lenses are not considered to be quite as sharp as the fixed-length lenses, but they\u2019re being improved all the time.<\/p>\n

The advantage of using them is that you don\u2019t have to lug around different length lenses for different situations. Many of the point-and-shoot and digital cameras have zoom lenses <\/strong>built right into the camera.<\/p>\n

<\/center> <\/p>\n

The terms \u201caperture,\u201d \u201cdepth of field,\u201d ISO, \u201cshutter speeds,\u201d or \u201cfocal length\u201d <\/strong>shouldn\u2019t scare you.<\/p>\n

They\u2019re merely keys to how the camera works.<\/p>\n

Once you\u2019ve mastered understanding these photographic terms, you\u2019ve mastered the camera. You have to know your camera to be able to put it to its best use. Unfortunately, knowing the camera doesn\u2019t mean that you\u2019ve mastered photography\u2026yet. But you have a good start. Until next time, go play with what you\u2019ve learned. Practice, practice, practice!<\/p>\n

By Willis T Bird<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This is part two of my article on helping to take the mystery out of \u00a0photographic terms.\u00a0In the last article, we discussed \u201caperture\u201d and \u201cdepth of field.\u201d \u00a0Click here if [read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[345],"yoast_head":"\nTaking the Mystery Out of Photographic Terms (Part 2) - Apogee Photo Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apogeephoto.com\/first-class-photography-lesson-10-taking-the-mystery-out-of-photographic-terms-part-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Taking the Mystery Out of Photographic Terms (Part 2) - 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